Water Scarcity

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Water Scarcity

Is the lack of sufficient available water resources to meet water needs within a region.

It affects every continent and around 2.8 billion people around the world at least one month out of every year. More than 1.2 billion people lack access to clean drinking water.

Water scarcity involves water shortage, water stress or deficits, and water crisis. Etc

Causes Of Water Scarcity

  1. Over use of water
  2. Pollution of water
  3. Drought
  4. Governmental assess
  5. Poor management of available water resources
  6. Population growth
  7. Decreased rainfall
  8. Global warming
  9. Climatic change
  10. Increased consumption of water for domestic purposes etc.

Effects Of Water Scarcity

  1. Lack of access to drinking water
  2. Hunger
  3. Lack of education
  4. Diseases
  5. Sanitation issues
  6. Poverty
  7. Health
  8. Habitat loss and destruction of eco systems
  9. Disappearance of wetlands

Solutions Of Water Scarcity

  1. Education
  2. Recycle water
  3. Advance technology related to water consumptions
  4. Improved practices related to farming
  5. Improve sewage systems
  6. Support clean water initiatives
  7. Desalination
  8. Water management
  9. Water conservation ((a) Water filtration system (b) Water saving solution (c) Best water enhance)

The places where high water scarcity is seen in India :

  • Rajasthan
  • Haryana
  • Maharashtra
  • Madhya Pradesh
  • Karnataka
  • Chhattisgarh
  • Gujarat
  • Jharkhand
  • Uttar Pradesh
  • Bihar
  • Odisha
  • Telangana
  • Andhra Pradesh

Above mentioned except Rajasthan all other places water scarcity is mainly due to more population, urbanization etc.

When coming to cities which are facing water scarcity :

  • Jamshedpur
  • Madurai
  • Kanpur
  • Hyderabad
  • Asansol
  • Greater Mumbai
  • Dhanbad
  • Ludhiana
  • Meerut
  • Delhi
  • Vadodara
  • Kolkata
  • Kochi
  • Faridabad
  • Vishakhapatnam
  • Rajkot
  • Allahabad
  • Nasik

Due to this water scarcity they are many interstate river water disputes. Based on this government of India started the Interstate River Water Disputes Act, 1956 (IRWD Act) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted under Article 262 of Constitution of India.

These disputes are under two cases :

i. Actions of a downstream state affecting the interest of an upstream state
ii. Actions of an upstream state affecting the interest of a Downstream state.